What is the first part of a written exam typically called?

The first part of a written exam is typically called the "stem," which serves as the introduction or primary component of a question. The stem presents the problem or scenario that the examinee must consider in order to arrive at an answer. It lays the groundwork for what is being assessed in that item and provides context that allows for a clear understanding of the question's intent.

In test design, the stem is crucial, as it must be well-structured and clearly worded to avoid confusion. A good stem will succinctly state what is being asked or what information is needed to solve the problem. This direct approach helps the test-taker focus on the relevant information.

The other terms have different meanings in the context of exam design. For instance, "distractor" refers to incorrect options provided in multiple-choice questions that are intended to challenge the test-taker and assess their understanding. An "item" generally refers to any individual question on the test, which may include stems followed by answer options. The "key" denotes the correct answer within a group of choices. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify the specific role of the stem in the structure of a written exam.